Shipping and braking mechanism for looms



Sept. 22, 1936. w UWER 2,055,228

SHIPPING AND BRAKING MECHANISM FOR LOOMS Filed June 18, 1934 2 Sheets-Sheet l 68 w 1?. ll; IE1 in M J 5w. Bv-Quwer W zhtorneqs Sept. 22, 1936. 5, w BRQUWER Q 2,055,228

SHIPPING AND BRAKING MECHANISM FOR LOOMS Filed June 18, 1934 r 2 Sheets-sheet 4 c nuentor B. U) .Brouuuev- Patented Sept. 22, 1936 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE SHIPPING AND BRAKING MECHANISM FOR LOOMS Application June 18, 1934, Serial No. 731,073

9 Claims.

This invention relates to improvements in ship ping and braking mechanism for looms and it is the general object of the invention to provide a mechanism of this type which shall be very easily operable so as to require a minimum effort on the part of the operator to start the loom.

' It has been the practice heretofore in the construction of certain types of looms to employ a lever having a T-shaped notch into which fits a stud carried by the shipper handle. In these former devices it has been necessary to fit very accurately the notch at one side of the T-slot v and the effort of starting the loom has also been considerable. It is an important object of my present invention to interpose a link between the shipper handle and the force transmitting lever which acts to exert considerable force on the transmitting lever when only a slight force is exerted on the shipper handle.

The brake handle of looms as heretofore constructed has ordinarily been so made that it will knock off the shipper handle when the brake is applied and I retain this feature, but in addition utilize a form of link which can be arranged to exercise this control on shipper handles now in existence. In this connection it is a further object of my invention to employ a link on the brake handle which will throw the brake to off position with comparatively slight effort on the part of the user.

Looms usually employ protector mechanism which includes a hunter to be struck by the protector dagger and moved against the brake handle to set the brake as quickly as possible. It is a further object of my invention to use the protector hunter as a stop to assist in locking the toggle connection which includes the aforesaid link. At the time of protection the bunter breaks the toggle connection of both the brake and shipper handles.

On certain classes of looms employing the T- shaped slot already mentioned considerable strain is placed on the center stop motion when stopping for weft fault. Shipper mechanisms have been constructed in the past so that the friction drive is rendered temporarily tighter at the beginning of the knock-01f stroke. It is a further object of-my invention to use in combination with the toggle connection of the shipper handle a second toggle connection to control the clutch mechanism. The pressure between the friction surfaces of the clutch increases as these surfaces are forced together but the toggle connection is so designed that its power increases as the friction between the surfaces increases with the result that there is no appreciable increase in the effort of clutching the loom when the toggle link is used.

The lock for the toggle at the shipper handle is found sufiicient to hold the parts yieldingly in driving position and for this reason it is not necessary to lock the toggle for the clutch. The power required to ship the loom to driving position is found to decrease because of the relation of the two toggles and. the last part of the forward stroke of the shipper handle requires very little effort. Stopping through the center stop motion is the reverse of starting by hand and therefore the beginning of the knock-off stroke will require very little power and hence the center stop motion will be subjected to little or no strain. Furthermore, because of the fact that the toggle and the clutching mechanism is not locked the full effect of the force transmitted from the shipper handle can be used to unship the loom.

With these and other objects in view which will appear as the description proceeds, my invention resides in the combination and arrangement of parts hereinafter set forth and described in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, wherein a convenient embodiment of my invention is set forth,

Fig. 1 is a top plan view of one end of a loom showing the driving mechanism therefor with my invention applied thereto,

Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the structure shown in Fig. 1, the brake and shipper handles being in off position,

Fig. 3 is an enlarged vertical section on line 33, Fig. 2, looking toward the shipper and brake handles,

Fig. 4 is an enlarged elevation of a part of the structure shown at the left hand part of Fig 2,

Fig. 5 is an enlarged front elevation in the direction of arrow 5, Fig. 1,

Fig. 6 is an enlarged vertical section 66, Fig. 1,

Fig. 7 is a diagrammatic view similar to part of Fig. 5 with the parts in a different position,

Fig. 8 is a vertical transverse section on lin 8.8, Fig. 5, r

Fig. 9 is a diagrammatic plan view of certain parts controlled by the center stop motion, and

Fig. 10 is a graph showing the relation of the forces exerted by the different parts of my invention. 1

Referring particularly to Figs. 1 and 2, I show a loom frame l0 having a driving stand ll proon line vided with an outboard bearing I2 through which extends the top or crank shaft I3 of the loom. The latter may have the customary handle I4 by which the loom can be turned over by hand.

Secured to the shaft is a brake wheel I5 around a part of which extends a band or brake I6 one end of which is fastened to a stud I1 secured to the loom frame. The other end of the band is attached to a rod I8 adjustably connected as at I9 to the upper end of a small rocking lever 20 pivoted to the loom stand at 2 I. The lower end of the lever 20 is attached to a rod 22 which extends forwardly to have connection with parts to be described.

Secured also to the shaft I3 is a top gear 25 which may mesh with a gear of twice the size on the bottom shaft not shown. Gear 25 is associated with a clutch member 26 engageable with a second clutch member 21 moving with a driving gear 28 slidable on shaft I3 and rotatable freely thereabout under influence of a driving motor not shown. When the loom is not running the members 26 and 21 are disconnected and the driving gear 28 is moved outwardly from the frame I.

A clutch lever 36 is pivoted at 3i to a stand 32 carried by the frame II and has controlling connection with a slide collar 33 movable on the shaft I3 toward and from the loom frame. By means of the connecting mechanism designated generally at 34 to be described in detail hereinafter, movement of the collar 33 toward the gear 28 as shown in Fig. 1 will effect driving connection between the members 26 and 21, and conversely, movement of said collar 33 away from the gear will disconnect the clutch members. Such movements of clutch member 21 are transmitted through a rod 35 attached to a lever 36 movable about a vertical axis 31. The latter is supported by a small stand 38 carried by the loom frame and has an arm 39 which is operatively connected to a forwardly extending rod 40.

With the exception of mechanism 34 the matter thus far described of itself forms no part of my present invention and may be constructed and operated in a manner similar to devices already used to accomplish the driving and braking of a loom. Movement of the rods 22 and 40 forwardly, or to the left as viewed in Fig. 2, will release the brake and connect the members 26 and 21, and movement of these rods rearwardly or to the right as viewed in Fig. 2 will apply the brake and unship the 100m, or disconnect the clutch members.

In carrying my present invention into effect I operate the rods 22: and 46 by improved lever and linkage connections which reduce the labor of starting the loom. The shipper handle 56 is secured to a shipper shaft which may extend across the loom and has a depending finger or arm 52 to which is pivotally connected the upper end of a link 53. The lower end of the link is pivoted as at- 54 to a small bell crank lever 55 pivoted about a fixed axis 56 carried by the loom.

The link is attached to a substantially horizontal arm 51 of the bell crank lever and a depending arm 58 of the lever is attached to the forward end of rod 46. I

As shown more particularly in Fig. 4 the parts can move from the dotted to the full line position, where the pivotal connection 59 between the link 53 and arm 52 lies behind a line joining the centers of the shipper shaft 5| and the pivot 54. e In moving to the full line position indicated in Fig. 4, the link and levers connected to it move the rod 46 forward to clutch members 26 and 21 together to drive the loom.

A brake handle 66 may be pivoted to move freely around the shipper shaft and has a depend ing arm 6I pivotally connected as at 62 to a second link 63. The latter is connected as at 64 to an arm 65 of another bell crank lever 66 also pivoted on the fixed axis or stud 56. The lower arm 61 of the lever 66 is attached to the forward end of rod 22, and as with the shipper handle, the center 62 will lie slightly behind the line joining the shipper shaft axis and the connection 64 when the brake handle is in the forward or left hand position shown in Fig. 2 which corresponds to brake release.

It is customary in looms to employ a form of protection mechanism which will stop the loom abruptly should a shuttle fail to be boxed. As shown. in. Fig. 2 I illustrate the outer end 16 of a knock-off lever or protection bunter 61 pivoted at 68 to engage a dagger 69 of well-known construction. Against the rear of end there presses an adjustable screw 1I carried in an arm 12 rigid with the brake handle 60.

The link 63 for the brake handle has a laterally ext-ending lug through which extends a knockoff screw 16 so positioned as to engage the lower part of arm 52. Under normal conditions with the loom in operation the knock-01f screw 16 will lie behind and be spaced a short distance from the arm 52, and the bunter will be in extreme left hand position, Fig. 2, against a stop not shown but usual. A spring 11 tends to pull the rod 46 rearwardly, and a second relatively heavy spring 18 connected to lever 26, see Fig. 2, acts to apply the brake, being tensioned to release the brake.

When the loom is idle the shipper handle will be in the rear position shown in Fig. 2 with the clutch disconnected. When the loom is idle the brake may be on or off, but as shown in Fig. 2 it is off, link 63 being straightened to stress the tension spring l8. With the brake handle as shown in Fig. 2 the spring 18 will be subjected to maximum strain and will hold link 63 straightened because the center 62 is slightly behind a line joining the centers of the shipper handle and the stud 64. Stop screw TI and knock-off lever or bunter 16 limit the action of spring 18 on the toggle of which link 63 is a part, and the latter is yieldingly locked.

When it is desired to start the loom with that part of my invention thus far described the shipper handle 56 will be moved to the left from the full line position shown in Fig. 2 the eiiect of which is to rock the lever 55 in a clockwise direction about axis 56, lowering the arm 51 by a force transmitted through the link 53 and at the same time moving the arm 58 forwardly to pull rod 46 against the action of spring 11 and in a direction to connect the clutch members 26 and 21. After the pivot 59 has moved slightly past the line joining the centers of axes 5i and 54 the arm 52 will engage the stop screw 16 carried by link 63 and further forward movement of the shipper handle will be arrested. The shipper mechanism is therefore yieldingly locked in driving position.

When the loom is to be stopped as through the protection mechanism the brake handle 65 will be rockedin a clockwise direction as viewed in Fig. 2 and this will have a two-fold effect, one of which is to break the toggle connection formed in part by the link 63 so that rod 22 can move rearwardly and permit spring 18 to pull forwardly on rod I 8 to set the brake band. The other effect is to cause knock-01f screw 16 to engage the lower end of arm 52 of the shipper handle and rock the latter rearwardly or to the right as viewed in Fig. 2 to break its toggle connection the effect of which is to permit spring H to move rod 40 rearwardly and thus disconnect the clutch members ZGand 21.

The mechanism 34 as shown more particularly in Figs. 5 to 8, transmits the pull of rod 48 to the clutch part 21, A collar 89 is secured in adjusted longitudinal position on the shaft l3 by set screw 8| and has passing therethrough a pivot pin 82. A setting lever or yoke 83 is pivotally connected to the collar by the pin and has spaced bearings 84 on opposite sides of the collar which are connected by a web 85. Each bearing has a rounded arm or thrust nose 86 to bear against a washer 8'! adjacent the hub 88 of driving gear A sliding collar 89 on shaft (3, see Fig. 6, has shoulders 99 between which lie portions of the collar 33. A U-shaped strap 9| extends around one end of the collar 89 and has parallel spaced arms 92 through which passes a second pivot pin 93. The latter is movable in a slot 94 which lies in and extends between faces 95 of the sliding collar, see Fig. 8.

A link 96 is interposed between each end of pin 93 and a pivotal connection 91 with a lateral extension 98 on each bearing 84, see Figs. 5 and 7. A setting screw 99 affords adjustment of the centers 93 and 91 toward and from the shaft l3.

, For a more detailed description of the construction and operation of mechanism 34 reference may be had to copending application Serial No. 731,695 filed by Holmes on even date herewith.

In non-driving position, links 96 will be in the position shown in Fig. 5 and the thrust noses will be moved away from the driving gear to relieve pressure between the clutch elements. As lever 39 is drawn toward the driving gear, the sliding collar 89 will cause the links 96 to assume the position of Fig. 7, preferably at right angles to the shaft l3 and not locked. The effect of this movement is to force the noses against the washer 81 which in turn will cause driving relation of the clutch elements.

While the brake handle is movable about the shipper shaft, the actual construction as used in certain types of looms is as shown in Fig. 9. The shipper shaft has the shipper handle secured to it and passes through a sleeve I00 having suitable bearings. A knock-off finger l0l fastened to the sleeve is placed to be depressed by a center filling stop motion lever I02 at the time of weft fault. The brake handle is secured to the outer end of the sleeve and is rocked to stopping position when finger l9l is depressed.

Fig. 10 shows approximately the nature and magnitudes of the forces exerted by the several parts of the mechanism described. OX represents movement of the clutch element 21 along the shaft I3 toward the driven element 26, and CY represent pressures. Assuming the clutch elements to be at the point of engagement at A, continued movement of element 21 toward element 26 will require an increasing pressure, represented by ascending line AB. The movement of the shipper handle, however, straightens the toggle link 53, and the power of the toggle will increase, so that the actual force which the weaver must exert, so far as the toggle is concerned, will diminish, as suggested by downwardly sloping line AC. The result is that the pressure required at the shipper handle will remain more or less constant, as suggested byline AD.

This uniform force AD is exerted against the toggle links 96 of the shipper mechanism, and the increasing power of the latter as the parts move toward the position of Fig. 7 results in a required force which actually grows less, as shown by line AE. When the center stop motion lever I82 presses down on finger 3!, therefore, a very slight effort will suffice to move the shipper han dle and clutch to stopping position.

In certain uses of my invention the stopping force is derived from the lay L when it is moving rapidly, and the relation of toggles just described permits a quick unshipping at high speed without strain.

From the foregoing it will be seen that I have provided a very simple and efficient means for controlling the shipping and braking mechanism of the looms wherein toggle links are used to disable the braking mechanism and also to engage the clutch members. I have found that mechanism as described herein operates very easily and requires a minimum of eifort on the part of the weaver. It will also be seen that'the knock-off screw 16 is carried by one of the links to engage a part which will move the shipper handle to stopping position and that both toggles are limited by a connection with the knock-off lever of the protection mechanism. The stop screw 16 may be used to limit the toggle connection of the shipper handle when the loom is running. I find that the bell crank levers to which the toggle links are attached can be placed on the studs which support the small levers heretofore used and already described in connection with the T- slots so that my improvements can be applied to existing looms without substantial alteration of either the shipping or braking levers and without moving the stud 56. It will further be seen that the toggles of the shipper handle and shipper mechanism compound their eifect so that the force required to ship the loom to running position actually decreases as the shippingcontinues.

Having thus described my invention it will be seen that changes and modifications may be made therein by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention and I do not Wish to be limited to the details herein disclosed, but what I claim is:

1. In a loom shipping and braking mechanism, a shipper handle, shipper mechanism, a toggle connection between the handle and mechanism to be yieldingly locked when the loom is running, a brake handle, brake mechanism, a toggle connection between the brake handle and brake mechanism, to be yieldingly locked when the loom is running, a loom knock-01f lever to hold the last named toggle connection in locked position in one direction, and means carried by the last named toggle connection to hold the first named toggle locked in one direction, whereby the knock-off lever holds both toggle connections locked.

2. In a loom shipping mechanism, a shipper handle, an arm on the handle, a link pivoted to the arm, clutching mechanism, an operating member for the clutching mechanism pivoted to the link, said arm and link defining a toggle connection between the handle and operating mem-- ber, a knock-off lever, and means limited as to movement in one direction by engagement with the knock-oil lever and rendered effective by the latter to limit movement of the toggle connection and resist the tendency of the toggle to unlock itself in one direction.

3. In a loom braking mechanism, a brake handle, an arm on the brake handle, a loom braking mechanism to stop the loom, a link pivoted to the handle, a lever pivoted to the link and connected to the braking mechanism, said arm and link defining a toggle connection between the handle and the braking mechanism, a loom knock-off lever normally at rest but movable at the time of protection, and means moving with the brake handle to engage the knock-off lever, the brake handle moving the arm and link to a position which resists the tendency of the toggle to unlock itself in one direction and said knock-off lever limiting the toggle movement in said position in one direction.

4. In a loom, braking mechanism, a brake handle movable to braking mechanism applying and releasing positions, an arm on the handle, a link pivoted to the arm, a lever pivoted to the link, said braking mechanism being connected to the lever, the arm and link constituting a toggle connection between the brake handle and braking mechanism which is movable by the brake handle to brake releasing position, a knock-off lever normally at rest but movable at the time of protection, and means on the brake handle movable against the knock-oil lever when the toggle joint is in brake releasing position to render the knockofi lever effective to resist the tendency of the toggle to unlock itself in one direction and move toward brake applying position.

5. In a loom, a brake handle, a loom braking mechanism to stop the loom, means defining a toggle connection between the handle and the braking mechanism and movable by the handle to a position to release the braking mechanism, a

loom knock-off lever normally at rest but movable at the time of protection, and means movable with the brake handle and against the knock-off lever when the brake handle moves to releasing position to render the knock-Off lever effective to resist the tendency of the toggle to unlock itself in one direction, movement of the knock-oil lever at the time of protection being effective to move the toggle to braking mechanism applying position by a force transmitted through the last named means.

6. In a loom shipping mechanism, a shipper handle, clutching mechanism, two toggle joint defining elements one of which moves with the shipper handle and the other of which is efiective to control the clutching mechanism, said toggle joint defining elementsmovable to running and stopping positions by the shipper handle, a loom knock-ofi lever normally stationary during loom operation, and means connecting the knock-off lever and shipper handle during loom operation to render the knock-off lever effective to resist the tendency of the toggle to unlock itself in one direction, the knock-off lever being effective when moving from normal running position to cause said means to move the toggle connection to stopping position.

'7. In a loom, a shipper handle, an axis about which the handle turns, an arm depending from the handle, a link, a pivotal connection between the arm and link, a lever, a pivotal connection between the link and lever, said link and arm defining a toggle movable to running and stopping positions and normally in running position when the loom is running with the first pivotal joint between the shipper handle and link at one side of a line joining the axis and other pivotal connection, loom clutching mechanism to be operated by the lever, and a knock-01f lever mechanism to move said first pivotal connection to the other side of said line to move the toggle to stopping position when the loom is to be stopped.

8. In a loom, a shipper handle movable about an axis, an arm thereon, a link, a pivotal connection between the arm and link, a lever, a pivotal connection between the link and lever, a stop to hold the first said pivotal connection slightly out of alignment with a line joining the shipper handle axis and the second pivotal connection to hold said handle in running position, spring means to hold said pivotal connections slightly out of alignment, and means to move the stop to cause the first named pivotal connection to move toward and beyond alignment with the axis and other pivotal connection to release the shipper handle when the loom is to be stopped.

9. In a loom, a shipper handle, an arm depending therefrom, a link pivoted to the lower end of the arm, a lever, a pivotal connection between the lever and the lower end of the link, a clutch mechanism, a connection between the lever and the clutch mechanism, a stop to limit movement of the arm and link, a spring to hold the arm and link slightly out of alignment to hold the shipper handle in running position, and means to move the stop and cause movement of the arm and link toward and beyond alignment to release the shipper handle when the loom is to be stopped.

BENJAMIN W. BROUWER. 

